Composite fabrication and characterization of crosslinked polyaniline/Pterocladia capillacea-activated carbon for adsorption of direct blue-86 dye from water

Abstract The fabrication of crosslinked polyaniline/ Pterocladia capillacea -activated carbon composite (CrossPANI/P-AC) at different ratios (1:0, 1:0.2, 1:0.6, and 1:1) was studied. CrossPANI/P-AC composites were fabricated by the in situ polymerization aniline using hydrogen chloride as an acidic dopant, ammonium persulfate initiator, while synthesized chemical activation method incorporated into polymer matrix. samples characterized terms such Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). FTIR showed main characteristic peak positions CrossPANI/P-AC; XRD low crystallinity CrossPANI/P-AC. A high specific surface area for achieved a ratio 1:0.2 where Brunauer–Emmett–Teller area, total pore volume, mean diameter values 166.10 m 2 /g, 0.0141 cm 3 3.40 nm, respectively. capability (1:0.2) adsorbent Direct blue-86 (DB-86) dye from aqueous solution investigated. impact initial concentration, temperature, pH, contact time on DB-86 adsorption its water examined. equilibrium data well represented Langmuir isotherm achieving maximum monolayer capacity ( Q ) 163.93 mg/g dose 0.5 g/L. In contrast, kinetic fit pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that occurs spontaneously, endothermically, physically nature. results these effectively removed solutions could be recycled. Graphical abstract